History of Education Essays

History of Education Essays History of Education Essay History of Education Essay Education began in the earliest prehistory, as adults trained the young in the knowledge and skills deemed necessary in their society. In pre-literate societies this was achieved orally and through imitation. Story-telling passed knowledge, values, and skills from one generation to the next. As cultures began to extend their knowledge beyond skills that could be readily learned through imitation, formal education developed. Schools existed in Egypt at the time of the Middle Kingdom. Matteo Ricci (left) and Xu Guangqi (right) in the Chinese edition of Euclid’s Elements published in 1607 Plato founded the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in Europe. The city of Alexandria in Egypt, established in 330 BCE, became the successor to Athens as the intellectual cradle of Ancient Greece. There, mathematician Euclid and anatomist Herophilus constructed the great Library of Alexandria and translated the Hebrew Bible into Greek. European civilizations suffered a collapse of literacy and organization following the fall of Rome in AD 476. In China, Confucius (551-479 BCE), of the State of Lu, was the country’s most influential ancient philosopher, whose educational outlook continues to influence the societies of China and neighbors like Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Confucius gathered disciples and searched in vain for a ruler who would adopt his ideals for good governance, but his Analects were written down by followers and have continued to influence education in East Asia into the modern era. After the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver of literate scholarship in Western Europe. The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages as centers of advanced education. Some of these establishments ultimately evolved into medieval universities and forebears of many of Europe’s modern universities. During the High Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral operated the famous and influential Chartres Cathedral School. The medieval universities of Western Christendom were well-integrated across all of Western Europe, encouraged freedom of inquiry, and produced a great variety of fine scholars and natural philosophers, including Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples, Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method of scientific experimentation, and Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research. The University of Bologne is considered the oldest continually operating university. Elsewhere during the Middle Ages, Islamic science and mathematics flourished under the Islamic caliphate which was established across the Middle East, extending from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Indus in the east and to the Almoravid Dynasty and Mali Empire in the south.

Dorothea lange essays

Dorothea lange essays Dorothea Lange was born in Hoboken, New Jersey on May 26th 1895. Her full name at birth was Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn. She was the first child of Joan and Henry Nutzhorn, which were second-generation German immigrants. Dorothea decided to drop her middle name and use her mothers maiden name after her father left her family. Dorothea finally developed inner strength and decided to pursue an education for her self. From 1914 to 1917, Dorothea attended public schools in New York City. She went on to study photography at Colombia University and also worked in a New York Portrait studio. In 1918, she began to travel until she ended up in San Francisco where she furthered her studies. After San Francisco she met her husband, Maynard Dixon, a painter. She traveled to the southwest with him photographing Native Americans. Dorothea Lange was a photographer that captured many memories of the Great Depression. She believed that the camera could teach people how to see without a camera. While Dorotheas career was flourishing she and her husband divorced. She met Paul Schuster Taylor; they decided to marry in 1935. She then went to work for the California and Federal Resettlement Administration to record the Dust Bowl. During this time, she created her most familiar image, Migrant Mother. This image is now found in the Library of Congress collection. She always said, The good photograph is not the object, the consequences of the photograph are the objects. Three months after Pearl Harbor, President Franklin Roosevelt ordered the relocation of Japanese-Americans into armed camps in the West. After the War, a Relocation Authority hired Lange to photograph Japanese neighborhoods, processing centers, and camp facilities. This was a start to a new chapter in Dorotheas life. During World War II Dorothea documented the imprisonment of Japanese-Americans in camps. She ...

SECOND PART----Weekend Crime Reports Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SECOND PART----Weekend Crime Reports - Assignment Example In addition, it is important to note that the paper has not taken crime as a blanket word to show different crimes. Instead, it has dealt with each crime and followed its trend so as to devise different methods of dealing with the particular misdemeanor. Introduction There are several kinds of crime in the area. The city is divided into East, West, North, and South. These sections in the town are characterized by crime whereas others are known for their lack of crime. This paper will point out these particular areas and the exact kinds of crime associated with these sections. It will also explain the patterns of criminal activity within the city. 1. Indeed, most people arrested on a typical night are charged with suspicious behavior. It is not a rare sight to see suspicious people walking around the street. This is especially so for weekends. It is during weekends that people tend to consume alcohol more than usual thus roam around the streets at odd hours looking suspicious (Pollock , 2011). However, on N 1st Avenue the suspicious movements are more than usual. This could be because there is a high concentration of bars around that area. It is also important to note that the suspicious people could also homeless people. This is because homeless people who roam around at night because they do not have anywhere to sleep. It is also important to note that some streets also do not report any incidences of suspicious people. N3rd Avenue, S 2nd Avenue, S 3rd Avenue, S9th Avenue and S 10th Avenue. This can be explained by the fact that these areas are inhabited by people of a low economic status. They are used to having people roam the streets at night and thus do not pay attention. (2008). 2. Burglaries are common in the second shift that runs from evening to late night. The hours between 7pm and 11pm are most susceptible to burglary. This is because at this time there are several people still walking the streets. It is indeed a convenient time for thieves to carry o ut their offenses. In addition, it is important to mention that burglaries are more common at night than during the day. This can be explained by the cover of darkness (Pollock, 2011). Acts of crime are likely to be committed at night than during the day. 3. Cases of domestic violence are however very unpopular within the city. They are rare to come by. Out of the five incidences reported over the weekend, three were reported within the Southern part of the city. Thus, it can be concluded that domestic violence is rare and when it happens it has is random and follows no particular pattern. 4. All crimes seem to be more concentrated in the North region, in particular the North West region in the city. The streets between the 1st and 6th seem to be most prone to criminal activity. This can be explained by the rich people inhabiting this part of the city as well as the gangs (Clarke, 2004). They are also likely to quickly report any bizarre activities within the town. Another explanati on would be that since it is an affluent neighborhood, it is rich ground for criminal acts. It would be recommended that more patrols be deployed to these particular streets. Carjacking are more rampant in the North of the city. Homicides are only found in the North West parts of the city. This could be explained by the gangs. The only robbery was reported in the North West part of the city. DUIs were common in between the Eastern and Western parts of the north

Development study Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Development study - Research Proposal Example While a vast body of research shows that the internal mismanagement and lack of governance in the recipient nations usually results in non-effective use of aid and a stagnation of long term sustainable growth for these countries, it is also true that in certain cases this aid has been the savior of many maligned and under privileged groups. The ongoing Ebola crisis has been well-publicized by the world media and by the international agencies working hard with the local governments to contain the spread of the virus. It is yet unknown for how long the crises will last or how many people will be ultimately effected in both personal and social contexts but enough economic changes have occurred in the aftermath effects of such a widespread disaster that trends of economic growth, stability and aid distribution can be studied in detail as a quantitative research. The longitudinal study will gather data on the most pertinent economic indicators for the region targeted and compare the pre-Ebola and post-Ebola crises conditions and discuss severe alterations in the pattern and future forecasts. I believe the Masters course in this subject will allow me to strengthen my own foundations about developmental theories and allow me to develop the proposed research up to rigorous academic standards. The world around is changing in a myriad of way and this degree assists academics to understand how the various economic, social, developmental and natural factors interact to effect the different groups of the world. I would like to contribute to this growing and important body of study. Worstall, T., (2014). The Economic Effects Of Ebola On West Africa; Its Because Of The Way The Economies Are Structured. Forbes, economic and Finance. Available at:

Lagal and Illegal Access to Personal Information Online Essay

Lagal and Illegal Access to Personal Information Online - Essay Example Where the computer era has devised numerous ways to work more quickly, efficiently, professionally and resourcefully, it has brought with it what we call cyber-crime -- misusing other people’s information without their permission and knowledge. The topic to be discussed here is about the risks and hazards of information being misused over the internet. The worst part about cyber-crime is that it is much easier to escape from it without revealing identity or improvising a false identity. The reason for it is, of course, the resourcefulness of the internet and the fact that it is away from any kind of physical presence. Moreover, it is very easy to replicate data on the internet to get involved in different kinds of crimes. With the increasing technological trends and movement towards cyber space so rapidly, it is inevitable that soon the cyber world will be dealt with a separate set of rules and regulation, laws and globalization. It is not long before divisions within the cybe r space will be dealt like a separate state just like physically existing country (Wall, 2007, p.10). What is needed here is that we deal with the dark side of moving towards technology in a way that we are safe from its harmful effects in the long run, that most people fail to realize at the moment. Thesis Statement An analysis of the reasons of internet crime along with its consequence leads to a technological challenge -- whether the harmful consequences outweigh the benefits of internet and what should be done to reduce crime involving unethical practices of hacking, identity theft, crime in e-commerce and social networking. Categories of Cyber Crime Cyber Crime is divided into many categories. These include spam, availability of obscene content, threats, misinformation, cyber terrorism and fraud. With such a huge variety of crime going on the internet, it becomes very easy to exploit the users (Brenner, 2010, p.8). The users also come into several categories, from amateurs to p rofessionals and naive people who do not realize the harmful implications that the usage of internet might cause. The greatest misuse of internet is taking place in the following domains: †¢ E-commerce   †¢ Social networking   †¢ Identity theft   †¢ Hacking   From amongst the above given domains, E-Commerce and Social Networking will be discussed in greater depth. E-Commerce is defines as exchange of goods and services over the internet involving Business transactions, buying and selling as well as the World Wide Web (Bushry, 2005, p.3). Social Networking refers to online networks that allow people to communicate over the internet and build social relations and broad networks ( Stenzel & Nesdahl, 2012 p.19). Identity Theft is the stealing of someone else’s identity and pretending to be someone else, impersonating to be another person or using their identity such as their name or credentials (Boyer, 2008, p.7). Hacking means to identify weaknesses i n other networks and take over their networks and later on, misuse them (Brenner, 2010, p.11). E-Commerce Electronic Commerce as defined above is a rapidly growing concept that allows exchange of good

Famous Personalities Who Took Up Engineering Courses Essay Example for Free

Famous Personalities Who Took Up Engineering Courses Essay 1. Dolph Lundgren (Chemical Engineering) Before pursuing an acting career, Dolph Lundgren studied chemistry and chemical engineering. He has a Bachelor’s Degree in Chemical Engineering (Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden) and a Master’s Degree in Chemical Engineering (University of Sydney) and was studying at MIT on a Fullbright Scholarship before finally deciding to quit and pursue acting. 2. Cindy Crawford (Chemical Engineering) Cindy Crawford graduated as the batch valedictorian during high school and attended the Northwestern University to study Chemical Engineering on a scholarship. She dropped out after a semester to go into modelling full-time. 3. Bill Nye (Mechanical Engineering) Bill Nye actually graduated from Cornell University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1977. After graduation, he headed to Seattle to work for Boeing. During his time in Seattle, he entered a Steve Martin look-a-like contest that eventually led to his dual careers: An engineer by day, stand-up comic by night. In a few short years, he began appearing on Saturday Night Live and later on Comedy Central, and â€Å"Bill Nye the Science Guy† was born. 4. Tom Scholz (Mechanical Engineering) Before Tom Scholz founded the rock band â€Å"Boston†, he received both bachelors and master’s degrees in mechanical engineering from MIT. While he was a student at MIT he made his own pedals for his electric guitar and experimented with sounds. His first job out of college was as a senior product designer for the Polaroid Corporation, where he received his first of many patent credits. 5. Jimmy Carter (Nuclear Engineering) Jimmy Carter was the 39th US president and was also a nuclear engineer. Carter went to the Georgia Institute of Technology and graduated in 1947 from US Naval Academy with a general Bachelor’s Degree in Nuclear Engineering. In the navy, he focused on submarines. He was chosen for the nuclear submarine program and did graduate work in reactor technology and nuclear physics. 6. Scott Adams (Software Engineering) Scott Adams was never technically trained as an â€Å"engineer,† though â€Å"engineer† was on his business card. He worked as a software / telecommunications engineer at Pacific Bell. From 1989 until 1995, he worked his day job while doing the Dilbert comic strip mornings, evenings and weekends. 7. Neil Armstrong (Aerospace Engineering) The first man on the moon was an engineer! Armstrong majored in aerospace engineering at Purdue University, which he followed up with a masters in aerospace from the University of Southern California. Afterwards, he joined the navy and trained as a pilot. He later became a test pilot, and finally an astronaut before landing on the moon and uttering one of the most repeated and quoted phrases in human history. 8. Jorge Mario Bergoglio / Pope Francis (Chemical Engineering) Before entering the seminary, Pope Francis studied chemistry and graduated as a chemical engineer. 9. Rowan Atkinson (Electrical Engineering) Before becoming the famous Mr. Bean, Rowan Atkinson studied at the Newcastle University in 1975 where he obtained his bachelor’s in electrical engineering. Afterward he continued his studies, ultimately obtaining the degree of MSc in Electrical Engineering from The Queen’s College, Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he pursued acting on the side with a variety of clubs. It is from here that he was bitten by the acting bug and decided to forgo his career as an engineer. 10. Herbert Hoover (Civil and Mining Engineering) Before becoming the 31st US president, Herbert Hoover was both a civil and a mining engineer. Hoover started out at Stanford in 1891 and got a job as a mining engineer in Australia. He then went to work in the Chinese mining industry and started a few mining companies. Afterwards, he got more and more involved with government work, before finally becoming president. 11. Tom Landry (Industrial Engineering) One of the most famous coaches in NFL was an engineer. Tom Landry received his degree in industrial engineering from the University of Texas (where he played football) and the University of Houston, graduating in 1952. Before starting his coaching career in 1956, he first became a player in the NFL. 12. Ashton Kutcher (Biochemical Engineering) Before becoming an actor, Ashton Kutcher enrolled at the University of Iowa in 1996 where he majored in Biochemical Engineering. He was motivated to take this degree because he had the desire to find a cure for his younger brother’s heart ailment. 13. Ally Walker (Biomedical Engineering) Walker went to college with the intention of becoming a scientist or a doctor. She attended the University of California at Santa Cruz and obtained a bachelor’s in biochemistry. But, while there, she worked in the labs as a researcher on a genetic engineering project. But shortly after being a cast in her first film (Aloha Summer), her career in science was put on hold. 14. Herbie Hancock (Electrical Engineering) Herbie Hancock attended Grinnell College and double-majored in electrical engineering and music. Though he was an accomplished musician before he even got to college, music was not his first draw. 15. Sergei Brin and Larry Page (Computer Science) Brin and Page were two computer nuts who first met at Stanford University a decade ago while earning graduate degrees in computer science. Brin had a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Maryland while Page had an engineering B.S. from the University of Michigan. They didn’t get along at first, but their friendship grew as Brin and Page toiled in the dorm, seeking a new way to search the Internet. The fruits of their labor: Google, the Internet’s most popular search engine.

Making Ethical Bids in a Competitive Market :: Engineer Engineering Job Papers

Making Ethical Bids in a Competitive Market As the United States economy struggles through a sluggish time with the stock market dropping and unemployment rising, being competitive in the job market has become extremely important among professionals. Engineers are no exception. For most engineering firms, being competitive and successful requires obtaining design projects offered by companies in other fields. These projects can range from designing heating and ventilation systems for office buildings to water systems for cities to computer networks for businesses—the list of possibilities and disciplines is extensive. To get these jobs, engineers must make a bid proposal for the project. Bidding involves estimating the entire cost of the project, including the designing and building processes, as well as the materials and labor. Usually, the company with the lowest bid and the best plan gets the job. The ethical issue in this process is determining the cheapest building materials and construction procedures possible wit hout compromising public safety. The enormous responsibility that an engineer has when designing a project is often overlooked. His or her job is not only to create a design that will work under ideal conditions, but that will meet the regulations of environmental and building codes and will also survive the unpredictable forces of nature that structures are sometimes subjected to. An article in the Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce, "Structures are Held up by Both Skill and Luck,"1 describes many risks involved in the designing process and the failures that can occur when small details are overlooked. In light of a recent surge of failures in the Northwest, the article says: "While the Northwest has experienced some unusual weather conditions this year, the effects of these weather conditions were not all unpredictable. Many tragic failures in the Pacific Northwest (and in other parts of the country) can be traced to poor land-use planning decisions. Despite the availability of hazard mitigation information and qualified technical consultants, the information is often ignored and the consultants bypassed as development continues in the flood plains and on unstable hillsides. Often, unwise site selection and ill-conceived site development results in unnecessary exposure to severe natural hazards." Although the initial reason for not hiring a technical consultant in these cases of poor land choice is most likely an attempt to lower design and construction costs, in retrospect it seems obvious that the money spent on the expertise of a geotechnical engineer would have been significantly less than the "millions of dollars of direct losses and litigation costs.